Wideband Polarization Agile Dielectric Resonator Antenna With Reconfigurable Broadside and Conical Beams

A new broadside and conical beam reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with three orthogonal linear polarizations (LPs) and two orthogonal circular polarizations (CPs) agility is presented. It consists of a quad-strip-fed DRA element and a reconfigurable feeding network. First, the DRA element is designed to make unidirectionalHEM11 δmode and omnidirectionalTM01 δmode operate in the same wide band by tactfully removing a concentric annular column from its interior. Furthermore, a center-loaded metal post helps to improve the impedance matching of theTM01 δresonance significantly. Afterward, the switchable feed network is designed to implement diverse phase distributions of four output ports, i.e., providing the quad-port in-phase excitation, dual-port differential excitations, and quad-port sequentially rotated phase excitation strategies for a vertical LP, ±45° slant horizontal LPs, and two CPs, respectively. Finally, a fully functional prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured to validate the design. The measured results show that the overlapping impedance bandwidth of 36.8% for all the states and the axial-ratio bandwidth of 33.8% for the CPs are obtained.