The orientation dependence of characteristic X-ray emission (the Borrmann effect) under near-zone-axis diffraction conditions has been used to identify the site preferences of strontium, zirconium and uranium impurities within a CaTiO3 (perovskite) host structure. As characteristic emission lines from these impurities occur at both higher and lower energies than the calcium or titanium K-shell excitations, effects of delocalization are clearly measureable, and are used as a tool in the ALCHEMI analysis. It is found that strontium and uranium strongly partition into calcium sites, whereas zirconium occupies titanium sites.
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Rossouw et al. (1988) studied this question.
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