Previous studies have shown that the un-ionized ammonia molecule and not the ammonium ion is the form of the toxicant harmful to fish. Prior attempts to quantify the amount of un-ionized ammonia in an aqueous solution have been confusing. Data given here provide ready access to the amount of un-ionized ammonia over a range of temperature and pH that is common in temperate freshwater environments.
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R. P. Trussell (1972) studied this question.