Chemical constituents from Sidastrum paniculatum and evaluation of their leishmanicidal activity

Sidastrum paniculatum (L.) Fryxell, Malvaceae , is popularly known in Brazil as “malva-roxa” or “malvavisco”. The species is found mainly in Northeast region where it is used by locals to treat spider bites and bee stings . Aiming to identify the chemical compounds from S. paniculatum secondary metabolism and to contribute to the chemotaxonomic knowledge of Malvaceae family, a phytochemical study of S. paniculatum was carried out. Besides that, the isolated compounds were evaluated for antileishmanial activity against promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis . By using chromatographic techniques the study resulted the isolation of eight compounds: 3-oxo-21β- H -hop-22(29)-ene; sebiferic acid; sitosterol 3- O -β- d -glucopyranoside/stigmasterol 3- O -β- d -glucopyranoside; phaeophytin a; 13 2 ( S )-hydroxyphaeophytin a; 13 2 ( S )-hydroxy-(17 3 )-ethoxyphaeophorbide a and 7,4′-di- O -methylisoescutellarein. The structure of all isolated compounds was elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including two-dimensional NMR techniques. In addition, the isolated compounds phaeophytin a; 13 2 ( S )-hydroxyphaeophytin a; 13 2 ( S )-hydroxy-(17 3 )-ethoxyphaeophorbide a and 7,4′-di- O -methylisoescutellarein exhibited antileishmanial activity against promastigotes of L. braziliensis .