Key result
A rule-out strategy combining a TIMI score of 0 with high-sensitivity troponin achieved a sensitivity of 99.5% (hs-cTnT) and 98.9% (hs-cTnI) for 30-day major adverse cardiac events.
Why the study?
Does the combination of high-sensitivity troponin limit of detection and TIMI score safely rule out major adverse cardiac events in adult patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain?
Meta-Analysis
Yes
Does the combination of high-sensitivity troponin limit of detection and TIMI score safely rule out major adverse cardiac events in adult patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain?
Effect estimate: Sensitivity 99.5% (hs-cTnT) and 98.9% (hs-cTnI) (95% CI 98.1% to 99.9%)
A rule-out strategy combining high-sensitivity troponin limit of detection with a TIMI score of 0 achieves >98.9% sensitivity for 30-day MACE, allowing safe early discharge for 18-21% of emergency department patients with chest pain.
Supports rule-out of 30-day MACE with TIMI 0 plus hs-troponin; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the limit of detection of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTn) and Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score combination rule-out strategy suggested within the 2016 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Chest Pain of Recent Onset guidelines and establish the optimal TIMI score threshold for clinical use. METHODS: A pooled analysis of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain and a non-ischaemic ECG, recruited into six prospective studies, from Australia, New Zealand and the UK. We evaluated the sensitivity of TIMI score thresholds from 0 to 2 alongside hs-cTnT or hs-cTnI for the primary outcome of major adverse cardiac events within 30 days. RESULTS: Data were available for 3159 patients for hs-cTnT and 4532 for hs-cTnI, of these 376 (11.9%) and 445 (9.8%) had major adverse cardiac events, respectively. Using a TIMI score of 0, the sensitivity for the primary outcome was 99.5% (95% CI 98.1% to 99.9%) alongside hs-cTnT and 98.9% (97.4% to 99.6%)%) alongside hs-cTnI, identifying 17.9% and 21.0% of patients as low risk, respectively. For a TIMI score ≤1 sensitivity was 98.9% (97.3% to 99.7%)%) alongside hs-cTnT and 98.4% (96.8% to 99.4%)%) alongside hs-cTnI, identifying 28.1% and 35.7% as low risk, respectively. For TIMI≤2, meta-sensitivity was <98% with either assay. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the rule-out strategy suggested by NICE. The TIMI score threshold suggested for clinical use is 0. The proportion of patients identified as low risk (18%-21%) and suitable for early discharge using this threshold may be sufficient to encourage change of practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: ADAPT observational study/IMPACT intervention trial ACTRN12611001069943.ADAPT-ADP randomised controlled trial ACTRN12610000766011. EDACS-ADP randomised controlled trial ACTRN12613000745741. TRUST observational study ISRCTN no. 21109279.
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Carlton et al. (2017) conducted a meta-analysis in Chest pain with non-ischaemic ECG. High-sensitivity troponin and TIMI score 0 combination rule-out strategy vs. TIMI score ≤1 or ≤2 was evaluated on Major adverse cardiac events within 30 days (Sensitivity 99.5% (hs-cTnT) and 98.9% (hs-cTnI), 95% CI 98.1% to 99.9%). A rule-out strategy combining a TIMI score of 0 with high-sensitivity troponin achieved a sensitivity of 99.5% (hs-cTnT) and 98.9% (hs-cTnI) for 30-day major adverse cardiac events.
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