Key result
Depression symptoms were strongly associated with a greater probability of having diabetes among adults in rural southwest China (OR 1.78).
Why the study?
The study was conducted to examine how depression and anxiety symptoms differ by socioeconomic status and to explore their associations with diabetes in rural southwest China.
Does the presence of depression and anxiety symptoms increase the prevalence of diabetes in adults in rural southwest China?
Cross-Sectional (n=5,005)
Yes
Does the presence of depression and anxiety symptoms increase the prevalence of diabetes in adults in rural southwest China?
Odds Ratio: 1.78 (95% CI 1.25–2.53)
Absolute Event Rate: 15.9% vs 9.3%
p-value: p=<0.01
Depression and anxiety symptoms are significantly associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes among adults in rural southwest China, highlighting the need for integrated mental health and chronic disease management.
Depression/anxiety symptoms associate with diabetes; cross-sectional data leaves open causality and targeted screening needs.
BACKGROUND: This study examines how the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms differ by socioeconomic status and explores their associations with diabetes in rural southwest China. METHODS: Data were collected from a cross-sectional health interview and examination survey of 5,005 adults aged ≥ 35 years in rural southwest China. Height, weight, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose measurement were taken. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. An individual socioeconomic position (SEP) index was constructed using principal component analysis. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms, and diabetes was 5.4%, 12.8%, 4.0%, and 9.6%, respectively. Females had higher prevalence of depression (7.3% vs. 3.4%, P < 0.01), anxiety (17.4% vs. 8.1%, P < 0.01), and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms (5.8% vs. 2.3%, P < 0.01) than males. Han ethnicity participants had a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms than ethnic minority participants (P < 0.01). Individuals with a lower education level and lower SEP were more likely to experience depression, anxiety, and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms (P < 0.01), while individuals with good access to medical services were more likely to exhibit depression symptoms and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that individuals with depression symptoms (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.25 to 2.53), anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.30 to 2.16), and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.44) all had a greater probability of having diabetes (P < 0.01); depression symptoms had the strongest association with diabetes prevalence (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There are significant socioeconomic differences in the prevalence of depression and anxiety in rural southwest China, and both depression and anxiety symptoms have strong associations with diabetes. Future diabetes prevention and management strategies should focus on individuals with depression, anxiety, and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms.
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Yu et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Diabetes, depression, and anxiety (n=5,005). Depression symptoms vs. No depression symptoms was evaluated on Prevalence of diabetes (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.25-2.53, p=<0.01). Depression symptoms were strongly associated with a greater probability of having diabetes among adults in rural southwest China (OR 1.78).
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