Which companion plants affect the performance of green peach aphid on host plants? Testing of 12 candidate plants under laboratory conditions

Intercropping of companion plants (CPs) that release distinct volatile compounds with horticultural crops has been proposed to improve pest management. AlthoughCPextracts or essential oils have been reported to be efficient in disturbing the settling of insects such as aphids, the effect of using actualCPs remains relatively unknown. Our aim was to screen odorousCPspecies for their effect on the performance of green peach aphid,Myzus persicaeSulzer (Hemiptera:Aphididae), when released on adjacent pepper plants. Intercropping was tested in growth chambers using potted plants to avoid root interactions and homogenise the abiotic environment ofCPs. Our results indicated that eightCPspecies—rosemary, African marigold, French marigold, geranium, lavender, basil, chives, and pot marigold—affected aphid performance by reducing the reproductive performance and/or settlement of females. Rosemary followed by African and French marigold was associated with the largest reduction in adult female and nymph number. Chemical analyses indicated that rosemary and French marigold emit specific volatiles. In contrast, fourCPspecies (false yellowhead, thyme, savoury, and peppermint) were not associated with a significant change in aphid performance and emitted a lower diversity of volatiles. This screening ofCPs under controlled conditions may be considered as a first step towards the identification of volatiles emitted by actual plants that can affect aphid performance and help the choice ofCPs to optimise intercropping strategies.