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In a three-phase system, voltage unbalance takes place when the magnitudes of phase or line voltages are different and the phase angles differ from the balanced conditions, or both. This letter reviews three definitions of voltage unbalance developed by NEMA, IEEE, and the power community, respectively. The differing definitions of voltage unbalance are analyzed in order to understand the implications of their use.
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Pillay et al. (2001) studied this question.
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