Prognostic factors for renal cell carcinoma: Trakya University experience from Turkey

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the prognostic factors of patients with renal cell carcinoma. The treatment results such as distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival of 59 previously untreated patients were retrospectively analysed. Median follow-up was 17.5 months (3.8-88.5 months). Overall survival was 22.4 months (3-87 months). Distant metastasis developed in 35 (59%) patients. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (P=0.022), tumour size (P=0.025) and lymphatic invasion (P<0.0001) were significantly effective prognostic factors for distant metastasis-free survival on multivariate analysis. Related to overall survival, gender (P=0.025), ECOG performance status (P=0.027), nuclear grade (P=0.002), tumour size (P=0.029), T stage (P=0.044), nodal involvement (P=0.003), surgical margin (P=0.046), renal sinus invasion (P<0.0001), perineural growth (P=0.001) and lymphatic invasion (P<0.0001) were significant prognostic factors on univariate analysis. Gender (P=0.008), ECOG performance status (P=0.027), tumour size (P=0.025) and lymphatic invasion (P<0.0001) retained their significance on multivariate analysis. We concluded that the most important prognostic factors for patients with renal cell carcinomas are ECOG performance status, tumour size and lymphatic invasion.