Crystallization of sparingly soluble salts on functionalized polymers

The introduction of —P(O)(OH)2, —P(O)(OH)2/—F, —C(O)CH3, —C(O)H and —S(O)2OH functional groups on copoly(styrene/butadiene)via epoxidation makes the polymer substrates capable of hydroxyapatite, calcite or α-CdS nucleation and further crystal growth.