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Battery cages for laying hens are being increasingly criticized as providing an inadequate environment for the welfare of birds. A prototype cage design, which should come closer to meeting the ethological needs of chickens, presently is being developed at the University of Guelph. Its basic principle focuses on varying the internal cage environment in time rather than in space according to the circadian behavioral rhythms of the birds.
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Luescher et al. (1982) studied this question.
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