We report experimental results on the stability of the flow occurring in a curved rectangular duct of small aspect ratio, where the centrifugational forces act along the largest dimension. The basic flow is three-dimensional as in a square or circular curved duct, and above a critical flow rate, streamwise vortices are observed. The threshold of the instability is found to be controlled by a Dean number.
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Gauthier et al. (2001) studied this question.
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