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This research explores decentralized energy distribution systems (DEDs) as a transformative approach to modernizing power grids. DEDs, including solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, microgrids, and battery storage, offer localized, resilient, and sustainable alternatives to traditional centralized power systems. This study examines the technological components, economic and environmental impacts, policy frameworks, and the challenges associated with DED implementation. Through a comprehensive analysis of case studies and current advancements, we highlight the potential of DEDs to enhance energy security, reduce carbon emissions, and promote economic development. By addressing technical and social challenges, this paper underscores the critical role of innovative solutions, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, in optimizing decentralized energy systems. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how decentralized energy can support global sustainability goals and pave the way for a resilient and efficient energy future.
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Omar et al. (2025) studied this question.
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