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V. K. Brown, A. C. Gange, I. M. Evans, A. L. Storr, The Effect of Insect Herbivory on the Growth and Reproduction of Two Annual Vicia Species at Different Stages in Plant Succession, Journal of Ecology, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1987), pp. 1173-1189
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Brown et al. (1987) studied this question.
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