A new finite-element smearing scheme is presented in the present study to provide a practical yet accurate free-edge stress analysis. It is proposed that, in the area away from the free edge of the laminate, all layers are to be smeared into one layers of finite elements, while near the free edge each layer is to be modeled as one layer of finite elements. Compatibility between the smeared elements andthe regular elements is enforcedby the penalty method. The present technique can be applied to general laminates with various geometries, loadings, etc. The results of two example problems can show that the present approach is simple, accurate, and economical in computing free edge stresses of laminates.
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Liu et al. (1998) studied this question.
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