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This paper reviews the fields indicated by the title, which emphasizes the recent work by authors. It is possible to prepare pure β-dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) without adding a stabilizer having a remarkably large specific surface area of about 7 m2 /g by decomposition of hillebrandite(Ca2(SiO3)(OH)2) at 600°C. The hillebrandite is hydrothermally synthe-sized using lime and quartz with Ca/Si=2.0 at 200-250°C. The hydration rate of the β-dicalcium silicate is extremely rapid. For water/solids ratio of 0.5, the hydration reaction is completed in 28 d cured at 25°C and 24h at 80°C. The silicate anion structure of C-S-H (Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels) consists mainly of a dimer and a single-chain polymer. The C-S-H has an oriented fibrous structure and exhibits a 0.73-nm dreierketten in the longitudinal direction.
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Ishida et al. (1997) studied this question.
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