Anatomy and physiology medical history physical examination chronic hearing loss sudden hearing loss ear pain ear drainage bleeding from the ear itching of the ear foreign body in the ear tinnitus ear trauma dizziness and vertigo facial paralysis headache and facial pain nasal congestion, obstruction, and drainage epistaxis nasal foreign body allergy sleep disorders disorders of taste and smell disorders of the tongue and oral cavity craniomandibular diseases - myofacial pain dysfunction and temporomandibular joint dysfunction bad breath salivary gland enlargement throat pain dysphagia hoarseness, dysphonia, and voice change upper airway obstruction tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy cough hemoptysis neck masses thyroid masses parathyroid disorders bony facial trauma soft-tissue injuries cosmetic deformities of the facial region immunodeficiency and otolaryngolgoy acquired immunodeficiency syndrome geriatric disorders in otolaryngology cancer of the head and neck psychological aspects of otolaryngologic disorders dermatologic problems neurologic disorders congenital disorders head and neck imaging appendix: audiology speech-language pathology antimicrobial therapy in otolaryngology.
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Lucente et al. (1989) studied this question.