An analysis of the conformational changes that accompany the activation and inhibition of gelatinase A

The latent precursors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are converted by (4-aminophenylmercuric)acetate to active forms that lose their propeptide as a result of autolysis. C.D. and an active site mutant of progelatinase A (MMP2) were used to demonstrate that, although propeptide removal is accompanied by a decrease in the enzyme's beta-sheet content, the initial activation is achieved with only minor modifications to the conformation. Mixing activated gelatinase A with the natural inhibitor, TIMP-1, resulted in conformational changes that were absent when a synthetic inhibitor was used. The relevance of these results to MMP activation and inhibition is discussed.