Velocity Distribution by Time-of-Flight Measurement in an Optically Pumped Cs Beam Frequency Standard

The velocity distribution of an optically pumped Cs fiequency standard was measured by time-of-flight (TOF) measurement, and it agreed very well with the previous result which was obtained by the long-pulse excitation method. We therefore conclude that the TOF measurement is a very effective method to obtain the velocity distribution of optically pumped Cs standards.