A biconical tapered-fiber star coupler with a mixer rod was proposed to achieve small loss-deviation and low-excess loss. Design and fabrication techniques for this star coupler were minutely discussed, and a 100 × 100 star coupler was experimentally fabricated. The loss-deviation and average-excess loss for this star coupler was 0.37 and 3.2 dB, respectively.
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Ohshima et al. (1985) studied this question.
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