Nanostructured Organic Layers via Polymer Demixing for Interface-Enhanced Photovoltaic Cells

Significant progress is being made in the photovoltaic energy conversion using organic semiconducting materials. One of the focuses of attention is the morphology of the donor−acceptor heterojunction at the nanometer scale, to ensure efficient charge generation and loss-free charge transport at the same time. Here, we present a method for the controlled, sequential design of a bilayer polymer cell architecture that consists of a large interface area with connecting paths to the respective electrodes for both materials. We used the surface-directed demixing of a donor conjugated/guest polymer blend during spin coating to produce a nanostructured interface, which was, after removal of the guest with a selective solvent, covered with an acceptor layer. With use of a donor poly( p -phenylenevinylene) derivative and the acceptor C 60 fullerene, this resulted in much-improved device performance, with external power efficiencies more than 3 times higher than those reported for that particular material combination so far.