Investigation of the Direction Dependence of the Magnetic Properties of Non-oriented Electrical Steel Sheets

This paper discusses the direction dependence of the magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steels (NO). The direction dependences are due to magnetic anisotropy induced by grain boundaries, steel edges and manufacturing stresses. NO sheets are easy to magnetize in the rolling direction (RD), because of the RD magnetization orientation induced by grain boundaries. Therefore, NO sheets have uniaxial direction dependence at lower magnetic flux densities. However, the direction dependence at higher densities is affected by the {110} steel surface which is present to a small extent in NO, although NO has generally {111} sheet surface texture that hardly affects the direction dependences.