Imaging and spectroscopy through plasmonic nano-probe

This article is a comprehensive review of the subject of near-field nano imaging and spectroscopy by surface plasmon polaritons induced on a metallized probe. The emphasis of the review is on fundamental aspects of plasmon enhancement and near-field spectroscopy, which are categorized as optical antenna structures, polarization properties in near-field, resonance frequency of surface plasmons, etc. Most recent studies that contribute to the understanding and interpretation of these phenomena are highlighted. Applications of near-field optics as newly established analytical tools for biology, materials sciences and plasmonic superlenses are included in the article.