Corona Identity Transition Model (CITM): A Stochastic Framework for Dynamic Nano-Bio Interface Reconstruction and Multidimensional Biological Fate

The Corona Identity Transition Model (CITM) is a conceptual systems-bioengineering framework that models the transition of an engineered lipid nanoparticle (LNP) into a dynamically conditioned biological object following exposure to a biological environment. CITM formalizes the nano-bio interface as a stochastic, time-dependent reconstruction process rather than treating the protein corona as a static coating. The framework represents the transition from engineered identity to biological identity through the sequence of biofluid exposure, adsorption, molecular exchange, lipoprotein association, surface remodeling, and corona maturation. The resulting biological identity is represented as multidimensional, allowing cellular, immune, tissue, and hemostatic trajectories to emerge from a common identity state. The model introduces a general stochastic transition kernel: P_ij = P(S_j, t + Δt | S_i, t, Ω) and defines a Corona Identity-Conditioning Operator C that maps engineered identity into a dynamically conditioned biological identity. A conditional Hemostatic Branch is incorporated as a testable trajectory involving fibrinogen interaction, platelet activation, thrombin generation, and measurable hemostatic observables. This branch is explicitly formulated as context-dependent rather than deterministic. The framework also defines a proposed intervention layer based on a Silicon Nanopore–Photocatalytic System. The photocatalytic operator is treated as an identity-modifying intervention rather than a guaranteed removal mechanism. CITM is presented as a conceptual hypothesis and systems-bioengineering framework. No original experimental data are presented, and transition probabilities are proposed formal variables rather than empirically estimated quantities in this version. The framework is intended to provide a formal bridge between nanoparticle engineering, protein corona dynamics, nano-bio interface reconstruction, biological fate, and downstream biological readouts.