Anthraquinone‐1‐sulfonate incorporated in polypyrrole films as a fixed dopant ( PPy / AQ ‐ SO 3 − ) shows redox activities involving two‐electrons, resulting in the apparent enhancement of the quantity of electricity in the redox reactions of the polypyrrole films. The utilization of the polypyrrole moiety of the PPy / AQ ‐ SO 3 − film in the redox reaction, evaluated galvanostatically, was 100% regardless of the current density chosen, whereas that of the AQ ‐ SO 3 − moiety decreased with increasing current density. The highest energy density of the PPy / AQ ‐ SO 3 − film was 150 Ah/l, which was more than twice as large as that of polypyrrole films containing electrochemically inactive anions such as naphthalene‐1‐sulfonate and ClO 4 − .
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Yoneyama et al. (1992) studied this question.