Key result
Cardiac disease in pregnancy, predominantly rheumatic heart disease, was associated with zero maternal mortality but high morbidity, with 32 patients experiencing cardiac or non-cardiac complications.
Observational (n=95)
Yes
Observational data link cardiac disease in pregnancy to adverse maternal-fetal outcomes; leaves open optimal management strategies pending prospective studies.
Cardiac disease in pregnancy is one of the common ,indirect obstetric causes of maternal mortality reported incidence varying between 0.5 and 5.9% worldwide. The rise in maternal mortality has been attributed to increasing numbers of women at advanced maternal age undertaking pregnancy, comorbid pre-existing conditions such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension and the growing number of women with congenital heart disease surviving to childbearing. Valvular heart disease is present in 80% of patients with heart disease during pregnancy in developing countries with rheumatic fever as the most common etiology and the mitral valve being the most commonly affected valve, but is uncommon in developed countries. Heart failure complicating rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy has been described in 22% women presenting to clinics in India and few African countries.
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Edupuganti et al. (2021) conducted an observational in Cardiac disease in pregnancy (n=95). Cardiac disease was evaluated on Maternal and fetal complications. Cardiac disease in pregnancy, predominantly rheumatic heart disease, was associated with zero maternal mortality but high morbidity, with 32 patients experiencing cardiac or non-cardiac complications.
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