[Translated article] Post-intensive care syndrome: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and the role of the pharmacist in its management

With the progressive decline in mortality rates in intensive care units in recent decades, increasing attention has been drawn to the fact that many patients who survive their stay in the intensive care unit develop long-lasting physical, cognitive and psychological impairments, which can last for months or even years after their critical illness. This health problem, known as post-intensive care syndrome, can be alleviated by implementing certain practices during hospitalisation, and its treatment generally requires attention upon discharge from hospital. The stress and trauma associated with the intensive care unit experience can also affect family members in the long term, manifesting as mental health problems known as family post-intensive care syndrome. In this context, pharmacists play a key role in the prevention and treatment of post-intensive care syndrome, integrating into multidisciplinary teams in both the intensive care unit and post-intensive care unit recovery clinics. Their intervention includes comprehensive optimisation of pharmacotherapy, reconciliation, identification and prevention of adverse drug events, and health education for patients and their families.