OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Phlebotominae fauna in the rural area of Montezuma, Minas Gerais, following the confirmation of a human case of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, in collaboration with the Regional Health Superintendent's Office of Montes Claros. METHODS: The captures were carried out with CDC-type light traps (developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC), which were placed in the intradomiciliary area (bedroom 1 and bedroom 2) and the peridomestic area (chicken coop) during two consecutive nights. RESULTS: In total, 30 phlebotomine sand flies were captured and identified, with 29 (96.67%) belonging to the species Nyssomyia intermedia and 1 (3.33%) belonging to the species Psathyromyia pascalei. Surprisingly, all specimens of Nyssomyia intermedia were captured in the intradomiciliary area, specifically in the patient's bedroom, with confirmed American cutaneous leishmaniasis infection. CONCLUSION: Due to the large number of specimens captured inside the residence, Nyssomyia intermedia stands out as a potential intradomiciliary vector of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. In addition, we reinforce the importance of studies such as this one, conducted in collaboration between the Brazilian National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS) and the Collaborating Centers of Minas Gerais, to strengthen surveillance actions, promote preventive measures, and expand knowledge about the ecoepidemiology of the disease in areas still little studied.
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Lopes et al. (2025) studied this question.
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