Nonlinear optical and optical limiting properties of graphene oxide–Fe 3 O 4 hybrid material

The nonlinear optical (NLO) and optical limiting properties of a graphene oxide hybrid material coordinated with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (GO–Fe 3 O 4 ) were studied by using the Z-scan technique at 532 nm in the nanosecond and picosecond regimes. Results show that GO–Fe 3 O 4 exhibits enhanced NLO and optical limiting properties in comparison with the pristine GO in the nanosecond regime. Compared with fullerene (C 60 ) in toluene at different concentrations, GO–Fe 3 O 4 exhibits a weaker optical limiting effect than C 60 at high concentration, but shows a stronger optical limiting effect than C 60 at low concentration in the high input fluence region.