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The presence of Balaustium medicagoense Meyer and Ryke (Erythraeidae) in Australia is confirmed. Australian specimens previously identified as Balaustium murorum (Hermann) are shown to belong to B. medicagoense Balaustium medicagoense has been regarded as a beneficial predator in southern Australia, but it can also be a significant pest of cereal crops. It appears to have been introduced into Australia from South Africa. Some species previously described as Balaustium are transferred to Abrolophus, as Abrolophus newmani (Womersley) comb. n., Abrolophus glauerti (Womersley) comb. n., Abrolophus littorale (Womersley) comb. n., Abrolophus brevum (Womersley) comb. n., and Abrolophus ripicola (Womersley) comb. n.
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RB Halliday (2001) studied this question.
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