The master equation for a two-mode laser in a {Λ}-type three-level atomic system with arbitrary detunings has been derived. The effects of the detunings on the laser operation have been discussed. The asymmetry in threshold conditions for the two modes and the anomalous mutual support between the two modes in certain circumstances have been revealed. The former is due to the two-photon Raman-type resonance and the latter is attributed to the ac-Stark-shift effect.
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Zhu et al. (1987) studied this question.
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