Population
Patients with all types of atrial fibrillation
Authors
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May enable totally endoscopic epicardial AF ablation on a beating heart; leaves open comparative efficacy and durability.
The paracardioscopic ex-maze procedure provides a totally endoscopic, minimally invasive epicardial approach for the surgical correction of atrial fibrillation on a beating heart.
Kiser et al. (2010) studied this question.
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