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August 29, 2026Energy Storage

Energy Storage Management and Techno‐Economic Analysis of Standalone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

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Authors

SRSantosh S. RaghuwanshiKAKhaliq AhmedSHShrunkhala Shyamkant Halve

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Overview

Simulation study demonstrates that deep reinforcement learning optimizes cost and emissions in standalone hybrid microgrids, suggesting superior control for off-grid renewable energy systems.

Key Points

  • To determine the optimal configuration and energy storage management strategy for standalone hybrid renewable microgrids using artificial intelligence to minimize net present cost, cost of energy, and carbon emissions.
  • Simulated seven standalone microgrid configurations integrating photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, biomass generators, diesel generators, battery banks, and electric vehicles across variable weather and load conditions.
  • Benchmarked deep reinforcement learning (DRL) against spoonbill swarm optimization algorithm (SSOA), genetic algorithm (GA), and artificial neural networks (ANN) for techno-economic and environmental performance.
  • Identified the top-performing system consisting of 210 kW photovoltaic capacity, 91 kW wind turbines, 25 kW biomass generation, 265 kWh battery storage, 22 kW electric vehicle integration, and a 28 kW diesel generator.
  • Achieved an optimal net present cost of ₹32,345,782, a levelized cost of energy of ₹9.23/kWh, and annual carbon emissions of 408,348 kg/year.
  • Demonstrated that the deep reinforcement learning strategy achieved superior techno-economic, environmental, and energy storage utilization outcomes compared to alternative heuristic and neural network algorithms across all operational scenarios.

Cite This Study

Raghuwanshi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9299338e5d7d1fc0c10fd8https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.70505
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