A novel chip antenna design, which is compatible with multiple satellite-based navigation systems, is proposed for handheld devices. Several techniques were employed to provide desirable performance characteristics such as dual band operation, circularly polarized reception, small form factor, and low fabrication cost. Antenna configuration features include a surface mount antenna chip, a strip line feed that is perpendicular to the chip, a clip-shaped slit cut on the chip, and the clearance region on the ground plane. Antenna design was conducted via numerical simulations. Extensive parametric studies were carried out to associate performance features with specific antenna structures. A prototype antenna was also fabricated to verify its superior performance and validate the design procedure.
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Chang et al. (2012) studied this question.
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