The integrated urban land model

An integrated urban land model (IUM) was developed based on the Common Land Model (CoLM). A whole layer soil evaporation parameterization scheme was developed to improve soil evaporation simulation especially in arid areas. For the urban underlying surface, the energy and water balance model were modified; urban land parameters such as the anthropogenic heat (AH), albedo, surface roughness length, imperious surface evaporation etc. were also reparameterized. IUM was validated and compared with CoLM and the urbanized high‐resolution land data assimilation system (u‐HRLDAS) in single and regional scale. The validation results indicate that IUM can improve the simulation of land surface parameters and land‐atmosphere interaction fluxes.