Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane foam matrices for the support of granular adsorbent materials

Polyurethane foams with different formulations were synthesized and characterized for use as supporting matrices of granular solid adsorbents. The open cell content, specific gravity, thermal stability, and hydrophobicity were determined and related to the formulation composition. The synthesized foams had open cell contents of 88.1–98.5% and specific gravity values of 120–28 kg m−3. The thermal stability of the prepared foams was influenced mainly by the water content and the type of isocyanate used. The hydrophobicity was assessed by an analysis of the water adsorption isotherms determined on selected foams, and a correlation between these results and the formulation of the foams was attempted. Two types of activated carbons were supported in a polyurethane matrix. The adsorption characteristics evaluated before and after the supporting procedure, by nitrogen adsorption, revealed that there was only a moderate surface area reduction of 15–20%.