Advancing cardiology pharmacy practice: A position paper on physician-led, pharmacist-enabled model for sustainable cardiovascular care

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Singapore, with rising demand for longitudinal cardiovascular care driven by ageing and metabolic risk factors. Cardiology pharmacists support medication optimisation, transitions of care and patient education across hospital, ambulatory and community settings. However, limited specialist accreditation pathways, uneven service distribution and emerging digital requirements constrain scalable delivery to match national needs. Methods: This position paper was developed by the Pharmaceutical Society of Singapore Cardiology Pharmacy Working Group. A multidisciplinary consensus approach was adopted, guided by RIGHT and AGREE II principles to ensure transparency, applicability and editorial independence. Evidence synthesis drew from published literature, national epidemiology and institutional experience, contextualised within governance under the Healthcare Services Act and Collaborative Prescribing Agreement. Results: Cardiology pharmacists are essential to medication safety, adherence support and protocol-guided dose optimisation under physician oversight. Key gaps include delayed post-discharge follow-up, fragmented hospital-primary care alignment, telehealth implementation challenges and a limited pipeline of accredited specialists, restricting capacity to achieve guideline-directed therapy targets and sustained continuity of care. Conclusion: Five priorities were endorsed: strengthening specialist workforce capability; enhancing early postdischarge reviews; integrating pharmacists across care settings; leveraging digital-enabled care; and expanding medication-focused roles in prevention, atrial fibrillation, palliative heart failure and precision medicine. Cardiology pharmacists are critical contributors to a safe, coordinated and future-ready cardiovascular care ecosystem. A physician-led, pharmacist-enabled model supports national goals under Healthier SG.