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A numerical approach based on the boundary-element method (BEM) is described for the analysis of plane-wave diffraction from groove-type gratings. First, the diffraction problem is exactly analyzed as a two-medium boundary-value problem. Further, for metallic gratings, a simple method in which an approximate boundary condition using the surface impedance is combined with the BEM is proposed. Both cases of the TE- and TM-wave incidences are systematically formulated. Numerical examples are presented for dielectric holographic gratings and metallic Fourier gratings, and the validity of the BEM and the effectiveness of the surface-impedance approximation are confirmed.
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Nakata et al. (1990) studied this question.
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