A calixarene carboxylic acid derivative has been found to form a complex with the cationic protein cytochrome c. The solubilized cytochrome c was stable and showed peroxidase activity in chloroform. The calix[6]arene and the calix[8]arene achieved quantitative extraction of the protein. The calix[6]arene, whose cavity is well-fitted to a protonated amino group, exhibited a selectivity to lysine-rich proteins due to the recognition of the epsilon-amino groups in lysine residues on the surface of the protein. This is the first report showing protein extraction by calixarenes. The solubilized cytochrome c could catalyze an oxidative reaction in organic solvents. This host compound functions as a novel solubilization tool for biomolecules and a separation tool for lysine-rich proteins.
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Oshima et al. (2002) studied this question.
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