Ultrafiltration membranes with a thickness of several tens of nanometers are prepared from cross-linked poly(4-vinylpyridine) gel using a flat and smooth sacrificial layer of metal hydroxide nanostrands. The membranes have a network structure with pores sizes of approximately 2.0 ± 1.0 nm and can separate small proteins and organic dyes at a surprisingly high filtration rate.
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Wang et al. (2011) studied this question.
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