“Normal” Lead and Cadmium Content of the Human Kidney

Cadmium and lead have been shown to cause hypertension, accelerated atherosclerosis, kidney disease, and neoplasia in experimental animals. Since both metals accumulate in the kidney, renal concentrations may reflect prolonged exposure. To evaluate effects of long-term moderate exposure, “normal” concentration must first fee established in man on the basis of autopsy studies. Increased renal lead was not associated with hypertension or neoplasia, although longevity was compromised as a result of Clinical lead poisoning. Renal cadmium has been previously shown to be increased in man in association with neoplasia and emphysema.