Influence of bacteriophage P22 on the inflammatory mediator gene expression in chicken macrophage HD11 cells infected withSalmonellaTyphimurium

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of bacteriophage on the intracellular survival and immune mediator gene expression in chicken macrophage-like HD11 cells. The invasive ability and intracellular survival of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST(P22-) ) and lysogenic S. Typhimurium (ST(P22+) ) in HD11 cells were evaluated at 37 °C for 24 h postinfection (hpi). The expression of inflammatory mediator genes was determined in ST(P22-) - and ST(P22+) -infected HD11 cells treated with and without bacteriophage P22 at 1 and 24 hpi using quantitative RT-PCR. The ability of ST(P22-) and ST(P22+) to invade HD11 cells was significantly decreased by bacteriophage P22 at 1 hpi. The numbers of intracellular ST(P22-) and ST(P22+) were significantly decreased from 2.39 to 1.62 CFU cm(-2) and from 3.40 to 1.72 CFU cm(-2) in HD11 cells treated with bacteriophage P22, respectively, at 24 hpi. The enhanced expression of inflammatory mediators was observed in ST(P22-) - and ST(P22+) -infected HD11 cells treated with and without bacteriophage P22. These results suggest that the application of bacteriophage could be an effective way to control the intracellular infection.