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The pitches of nanostructured substrates regulate the in vitro development of neuron cells. In their Communication on page 10114 ff., I. S. Choi, Y. Nam, and co-workers show that the neurite outgrowth of primary hippocampal neurons within a few days is much faster on an anodized aluminum oxide substrate that has a 400 nm pitch rather than on one that has a 60 nm pitch.
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Cho et al. (2010) studied this question.
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