Oxidation and reduction of inorganic S in soil is due principally to reactions brought about by microorganisms. Many reactions are possible because S has several valence states and is a constituent of both organic and inorganic compounds. Most inorganic S in aerobic soils is sulfate, but there is frequently considerable sulfide in anaerobic soils. The S materials are indispensable for the S bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. 68 references.
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Robert L. Starkey (1966) studied this question.