Dye-sensitized Solar Cells: Novel Concepts, Materials, and State-of-the-Art Performances

Although the workhorse of the photovoltaic industry is still the silicon wafer, accounting for 90% of the market, it was early recognized that other semiconductors could make efficient solar cells. Organic-based photovoltaic technology has demonstrated the ability to cross the 10% efficiency barrier and is expected to eventually present lower costs than silicon-based technology, thus becoming a promising alternative. So, what are the strengths and remaining challenges for the thin-film solar cells industry? This article reviews state-of-the-art thin-film solar cells, focusing on dye-sensitized solar cells, and discusses future trends and possibilities of bringing this technology into the market of photovoltaics.