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Utilization of a preacceleration potential to accelerate ions before they reach the emission aperture results in a substantial increase in the transmission efficiency. For an intense modified duoPIGatron focused multibeamlet (1799 apertures) 22-cm-diam ion source, the total transmission efficiency for beam power through an aperture 20×25 cm located 4.10 m downstream increased 30%. This result is in agreement with a previous solution to the appropriate two-dimensional Poisson-Vlasov equation for ions extracted from a plasma.
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Whealton et al. (1978) studied this question.
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