We analyze the effect of polarization-dependent loss (PDL) on the performance of the polarization-division-multiplexed (PDM) signals in direct-detection systems. We present the theoretical analysis of the sensitivity penalty caused by PDL-induced coherent crosstalk and compare the results with experimental data obtained by using a simple variable PDL emulator based on a LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulator. Also presented is the performance degradation caused by the polarization misalignment between the received signals and the polarization beam splitter at the receiver in the presence of PDL.
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Ji et al. (2009) studied this question.
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