The dimerization of dendrimers that contain a single 4,4′-bipyridinium (viologen) unit, upon one-electron reduction, is strongly enhanced by the presence of the host cucurbit[8]uril. This behavior is attributed to the formation of a stable inclusion complex between the host and two π-stacked viologen radical-cation guests—the one-electron-reduced form of viologen (see scheme).
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Moon et al. (2004) studied this question.
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