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Autoxidation of the title azulenes at 100 °C in HMPA or DMF afforded a wide variety of products: Namely, the oxidation products of the side-chains, 1-substituted azulenes, 1H-inden-1-ols, naphthoquinones, benzenoids, and dimeric and trimeric compounds, with or without rearrangements. 1H NMR (200-MHz) parameters of various azulene derivatives are given for comparative study. Possible reaction pathways for the formation of these products are discussed in comparison with the results of the previous studies on guaiazulene and 4,6,8-trimethylazulene.
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Takekuma et al. (1987) studied this question.
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