Due to the accelerated evolution of application services, optical network virtualization simplifies optical-layer resource management and provides flexibility in spectrum resource allocation. However, the energy consumption is one of the great challenges in the virtual optical networks (VONs). This paper focuses on the energy efficiency problem in survivable VONs with the sliceable multi-flow transponders and the elastic regenerators. For each VON, all virtual links provide the dedicated-path protection in the flexible bandwidth optical networks. An integer linear program (ILP) and a minimum unit-energy submatrix (MinEnSub) VON mapping approach are developed to improve the energy efficiency, minimize the power consumption, and reduce the spectrum usage under different line rates. For comparison, a baseline VON mapping approach is introduced. Simulation results show that the ILP model and the proposed MinEnSub VON mapping approach can save power consumption, improve the energy efficiency, and reduce the spectrum usage compared with the baseline VON mapping approach in a 6-node network. As expected, in a 14-node network, simulation results also validate that our proposed MinEnSub VON mapping approach can achieve better performance in terms of power consumption, energy efficiency, number of frequencies, and the number of regenerators.
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Zhao et al. (2016) studied this question.